Foundation:

It is a part of soil which receives load from the cobblestone applied on surface, therefore its thickness, material, packing and drainage of above-water is the main pre-condition for the deck to be of good quality during the whole period of its exploitation.

• Determination of the depth of the soil depends on the thickness of the foundation which in its turn depends of the load on the deck, and on characteristics of the soil. The channel must be made in the depth of freezing of the ground in the layer not durable in frost (black earth, clay).The channel must be dug through the freezing layer of the ground, so that it does not freeze in cold weather conditions
• The thickness of the foundation: created by chip, rough in the lower part (fr.Ø0 ÷ 70), thin in the upper layer (fr.Ø0 ÷ 45). For packing vibro-wheels and plate vibrators are used. The minimal thickness of the layer (rammed):
• pavements, sidewalks - 10 cm;
• squares with the load of passenger cars, episodic trucks - 15 cm;
• trucks - 30 cm.

The simplest method to determine the packing level – when driving a car with the load on the axle ~2.5 t in the speed of a pedestrian on the packed square, no permanent and explicitly visible signs should remain.

• The layer where cobblestone is laid, is made 3 - 5 cm thick in the profile stated in the project from Ø 0/2 mm or Ø 0/4 mm sand, Ø 2/8 or Ø 2/5 mm chip. The size of separate grains may not exceed 8 mm.
• A mix of dry cement-sand 1:8 is used only in places where the decline of the planking exceeds 2.5 %. In locations of very high load the dry cement-sand mortar with the thickness of 10 cm can be applied.

1. The spaces between the stones 3÷5 mm;
2. The inclinations from the height marks of the object +/-2 cm;
3. Roughness with a 4m long tape-measure 10 mm;
4. Cross-declines of the planking - 2.0 ÷ 2.9 %;
5. On rammed equalization layer cobblestone is applied in the required pattern and colour by the means of ropes and protractors, with the estimation that the cobblestone surface after their vibration will reach 0.8-1 cm above the edge;
6. In the gaps between the cobblestone Ø 0 ÷ 2 mm dry sand is swept in, or in wet weather – flushed;
7. Cobblestone planking, clean from chip, construction waste, is vibrated with plate vibrators first in the horizontal direction, then in vertical direction. Vibro-reels must not be used for coloured cobblestone decks; they are vibrated only on dry surfaces with vulcolane cover vibro-plates. Do not use vibro-reels!
8. After vibration of the cobblestone Ø 0÷2, Ø 0÷4 sand is swept in the gaps again.

1. The edges are assembled on the foundation of concrete B-15.
2. Upon assembly of the edges, 5 mm gap between the ends of the edges must be observed.
3. The edge curve with R÷15 m is assembled with special inclined edges which are 0.25 m long, if R=3÷10m; L=0.5, if R=10÷15 m; if R=15 m, the curve is made with edges L=1.0 m.

1. The external surface: pores of R÷2 mm are allowed. Productions with structured surface have significant roughness.
2. White perspiration on the surface: The perspiration consists of calcium, which originates upon hardening of the cement as calcium hydroxide and creates calcium carbonate in the surface of the concrete together with the carbonic acid of the air. It does not change the characteristics of the cobblestone and it cannot be prevented. In the course of time rainwater and load of the material will eliminate it. There are also special chemicals for prevention of the perspiration.
3. Minor cracks: in separate cases minor cracks may originate in the surface, which can be noticed only on wet surface upon its drying. Thin cracks of this type do not affect the value of utilization.
4. Upon production of coloured cobblestone, minor differences in the tones of the colours may appear, therefore it is needed to use stones from three palettes at the same time, when installing the cobblestone.
5. Upon formation of the street edges, a juncture seam originates 150 mm from the surface, which, when correctly constructed, are invisible.